A Novel Intelligent Method for Predicting the Penetration Rate of the Tunnel Boring Machine in Rocks

In the construction of rock tunnels, the penetration rate of the tunnel boring machine (TBM) is influenced by many factors (e.g., geomechanical parameters), some of which are highly uncertain. It is difficult to establish a precise model for predicting the penetration rate on the basis of the influencing factors. Thus, this work proposed a useful method, based on the relevance vector machine (RVM) and particle swarm optimization (PSO), for the...