Composite reliability of multilevel data: It’s about observed scores and construct meanings.

This article shows how the concept of reliability of composite scores, as defined in classical test theory, can be extended to the context of multilevel modeling. In particular, it discusses the contributions and limitations of the various level-specific reliability indices proposed by Geldhof, Preacher, and Zyphur (2014), denoted as ω̃b and ω̃w (and also α̃b and α̃w). One major limitation of those indices is that they are quantities for latent,...