In vitro and ex vivo relaxometric properties of ethylene glycol coated gadolinium oxide nanoparticles for potential use as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have widely demonstrated their applicability in many biomedical applications including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), hyperthermia, and drug delivery. However, the effectiveness of MNPs can be limited for in vivo applications due to their hydrophobic surfaces leading to nanoparticle agglomeration and thus requires appropriate surface modification to enhance colloidal stability. Glycols are widely used coating...