Measuring COVID-19 as Traumatic Stress: Initial Psychometrics and Validation

The goal was to develop and validate a measure for COVID-19 as traumatic stress. The scale consisted of three dimensions: “threat/fear of infection and death,” “economic hardship,” and “disturbed routines/isolation.” The measure was tested on a snowball sample of 1374 participants from seven countries online. Principal and confirmatory factor analysis conducted on separate subsamples randomly drawn from the sample proved its structural validity....