Chemical toxicity

Engineering

Ecology

Biology

Geotechnical engineering

Environmental health

Environmental engineering

Groundwater

Surface water

Environmental chemistry

Water pollutants

Contamination

Water contamination

Environmental science

Soil science

Environmental protection

Medicine

Chemistry

Miami

Wildlife

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry

Poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants that have been the subject of several investigations worldwide due to their persistence and significant adverse health effects to humans and animals. In Florida, high PFAS levels have been detected in the ground water, surface water, soils and sediments near military bases, airports, and firefighting training facilities. Recently, a drinking water assessment conducted by the EWG has identified Miami, Florida as the U.S city with the third highest levels of PFAS among 44 locations assessed. This critical review presents a summary of the recent literature, databases, and investigations of PFAS contamination in Florida, focusing on PFAS occurrence, major sources and treatment methods. The major PFAS sources identified are divided into the usage of aqueous film forming foams (AFFF), landfills, and wastewater treatment plants. Despite the lack of comprehensive studies in Florida, toxicity concerns are also discussed. Major knowledge gaps and future research needs are considered.

Occurrence, fate, sources and toxicity of PFAS: What we know so far in Florida and major gaps