Augmented reality

Optical head-mounted display

Human–computer interaction

Operating system

World Wide Web

Artificial intelligence

Mobile device

Space (punctuation)

Computer science

In pursuit of a future where HMD devices can be used in tandem with smartphones and other smart devices, we present BISHARE, a design space of cross-device interactions between smartphones and ARHMDs. Our design space is unique in that it is bidirectional in nature, as it examines how both the HMD can be used to enhance smartphone tasks, and how the smartphone can be used to enhance HMD tasks. We then present an interactive prototype that enables cross-device interactions across the proposed design space. A 12-participant user study demonstrates the promise of the design space and provides insights, observations, and guidance for the future.

BISHARE: Exploring Bidirectional Interactions Between Smartphones and Head-Mounted Augmented Reality