The association between the number of vaginal examinations during labor and perineal trauma: a retrospective cohort study

To study the association between the number of vaginal examinations (VEs) performed during labor and subsequent severe perineal trauma. This is a retrospective cohort study. We included all women admitted to the delivery ward between 2008 and 2017, in active labor. Exclusion criteria included preterm deliveries (< 37 weeks), Cesarean deliveries and episiotomy during delivery. The primary outcome, severe perineal trauma, was defined as perineal...