Nettle Agent Phosgene Oxime Toxicity and Related Mechanism from its Dermal Exposure

Phosgene Oxime (dichloroform oxime; CX), an urticant or nettle agent categorized as a vesicant, is a potential chemical threat agent. Its exposure causes rapid toxicity, severe pain with dermal symptoms including erythema (redness), urticaria, blanching, itching hives, necrosis and systemic effects. Due to its fast penetration, severe dermal injury, and instant lethal toxic effects resulting in high mortality, CX could be weaponized with other...