Management of children with tuberculous broncho‐esophageal fistulae

Introduction Broncho‐esophageal fistula (BOF) is a rare complication of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). TB‐associated BOF presents either as acute respiratory failure, aspiration pneumonia or as a complication of surgical decompression of thoracic lymph nodes. Methods All children with TB‐ associated BOF were included. TB was diagnosed if MTB was cultured from respiratory secretions, Ziehl‐Neelsen (ZN) smear was positive, GeneXpert MTB/RIF was...