Stereotactic Navigation for Rectal Surgery: Comparison of 3-Dimensional C-Arm−Based Registration to Paired-Point Registration

BACKGROUND: Stereotactic navigation enables surgeons to use the preoperative CT or MRI images as a real-time “navigation map.” Although stereotactic navigation has been established in neurosurgery and orthopedic surgery, whether this technology is applicable to GI tract surgery remains challenging because of tissue deformation and organ motion. A critical component of this technology is the registration that links the patient’s actual body to...