Prostate high dose-rate brachytherapy as monotherapy for low and intermediate risk prostate cancer: Efficacy results from a randomized phase II clinical trial of one fraction of 19 Gy or two fractions of 13.5 Gy

Background and purpose High dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy as monotherapy is a treatment option for localized prostate cancer, but optimal dose and fractionation is unknown. We report efficacy results of a randomized phase II trial of HDR monotherapy delivered as either one or two fractions. Materials and methods Eligible patients had low or intermediate risk prostate cancer, prostate volume <60 cc, and no androgen deprivation use. 170 patients...