Oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in prediabetes and diabetes.

Prediabetes is a state of elevated plasma glucose in which the threshold for diabetes has not yet been reached and can predispose to the development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Insulin resistance and impaired beta-cell function are often already present in prediabetes. Hyperglycemia can upregulate markers of chronic inflammation and contribute to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which ultimately cause...