Isogeometric analysis of fiber reinforced composites using Kirchhoff–Love shell elements

A second gradient theory for woven fabrics is applied to Kirchhoff–Love shell elements to analyze the mechanics of fiber reinforced composite materials. In particular, we assume a continuous distribution of the fibers embedded into the shell surface, accounting for additional in-plane flexural resistances within the hyperelastic regime. For the finite element discretization we apply isogeometric methods, i.e. we make use of B-splines as basis...