Genome-wide association study

Biobank

Genotype

Genetic association

Disease

Biology

Botany

Gene

Single-nucleotide polymorphism

Genetics

Medicine

Computational biology

Population

Bioinformatics

Environmental health

Identification (biology)

Pathology

Nature Genetics

Genetic risk factors frequently affect multiple common human diseases, providing insight into shared pathophysiological pathways and opportunities for therapeutic development. However, systematic identification of genetic profiles of disease risk is limited by the availability of both comprehensive clinical data on population-scale cohorts and the lack of suitable statistical methodology that can handle the scale of and differential power inherent in multi-phenotype data. Here, we develop a disease-agnostic approach to cluster the genetic risk profiles for 3,025 genome-wide independent loci across 19,155 disease classification codes from 320,644 participants in the UK Biobank, representing a large and heterogeneous population. We identify 339 distinct disease association profiles and use multiple approaches to link clusters to the underlying biological pathways. We show how clusters can decompose the variance and covariance in risk for disease, thereby identifying underlying biological processes and their imp...

Identifying cross-disease components of genetic risk across hospital data in the UK Biobank