Suspension (topology)

Magnetic field

Fouling

Physics

Engineering

Nanoparticle

Boiling

Composite material

Critical heat flux

Nanotechnology

Chemistry

Materials science

Pure mathematics

Nanofluid

Nano-

Heat transfer coefficient

Mathematics

Membrane

Chemical engineering

Heat transfer

Biochemistry

Pulmonary surfactant

Homotopy

Quantum mechanics

Zeta potential

Thermodynamics

International Journal of Thermal Sciences

In this paper, we quantified the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) of Fe3O4 aqueous nano-suspension at various mass concentrations of 0.05% 0.2%. The potential role of operating parameters including heat flux perpendicular to the surface (HF), concentration of the nanoparticle (NP), strength of magnetic field (MF), zeta potential and concentration of a specific surfactant on HTC, critical heat flux (CHF) and transient fouling resistance of the surface was identified. Results showed that MF can lower the fouling resistance providing that the nano-suspension is stable. It was shown that in this case, the HTC value was also promoted. However, the enhancement of HTC strongly depended on the zeta potential value. Likewise, by increasing the NP concentration, the CHF value was augmented, while the HTC was promoted u to wt. % = 0.15 and then decreased at wt. % = 0.2. This behavior was attributed to the existence of a thermal resistance on the surface. Notably, the bubble formation on the surface was intensified due to the MF, which was attributed to the formation of irregularities and micro-cavities due to the deposition of the NPs.

Pool boiling heat transfer characteristics of iron oxide nano-suspension under constant magnetic field