Exosomal long noncoding RNA LNMAT2 promotes lymphatic metastasis in bladder cancer

Patients with bladder cancer (BCa) with clinical lymph node (LN) metastasis have an extremely poor prognosis. VEGF-C has been demonstrated to play vital roles in LN metastasis in BCa. However, approximately 20% of BCa with LN metastasis exhibits low VEGF-C expression, suggesting a VEGF-C-independent mechanism for LN metastasis of BCa. Herein, we demonstrate that BCa cell-secreted exosome-mediated lymphangiogenesis promoted LN metastasis in BCa...