Influence of stress damage and high temperature on the freeze–thaw resistance of concrete with fly ash as fine aggregate

A multifactor coupling test protocol was designed to determine the freeze–thaw resistance of concrete with fly ash as fine aggregate (CFA). Rapid freeze–thaw tests were conducted to measure the mass loss and relative dynamic modulus of elasticity of concrete specimens to evaluate their freeze–thaw resistance. The test results show that the freeze–thaw resistance of the concrete decreases with the increase in the initial stress damage. The...