Integrated Gene Expression Score in Circulating Tumor Cells to Predict Treatment Response in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer

Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is often managed with radical cystectomy, but select patients are eligible for bladder-sparing trimodality therapy (TMT) with contemporary bladder preservation rates ∼85% and comparable long-term survival. There is an urgent need for reliable biomarkers to optimize treatment selection and detect recurrence early. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the blood have potential as non-invasive, serial “liquid...