Correlation of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" altimg="si1.svg"><mml:mi>α</mml:mi></mml:math>/<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" altimg="si2.svg"><mml:mi>γ</mml:mi></mml:math>-Fe2O3 nanoparticles with the toxicity of particulate matter originating from subway tunnels in Seoul stations, Korea

According to the increasing concern about particulate matter (PM) pollution at subway systems, particularly its potentially severe effects on human health, this study investigated the constituents, characteristics, and toxicity of PM collected at underground subway stations in Seoul, Korea. It was found that α/γ-Fe2O3 NPs, which are considered as thermal products derived from the brake-wheel-rail interface, were the main components of PM (57.6%...