Remedial education

Operating system

Risk analysis (engineering)

Perspective (graphical)

Artificial intelligence

Political science

Cyber-physical system

Control (management)

Computer security

Computer science

Medicine

Annual Reviews in Control

This paper presents a bibliographical review of definitions, classifications and applications concerning cyber attacks in networked control systems (NCSs) and cyber-physical systems (CPSs). This review tackles the topic from a control-oriented perspective, which is complementary to information or communication ones. After motivating the importance of developing new methods for attack detection and secure control, this review presents security objectives, attack modeling, and a characterization of considered attacks and threats presenting the detection mechanisms and remedial actions. In order to show the properties of each attack, as well as to provide some deeper insight into possible defense mechanisms, examples available in the literature are discussed. Finally, open research issues and paths are presented.

Bibliographical review on cyber attacks from a control oriented perspective