Effects of NaCl concentration on electrical resistivity of clay with cooling

The influence of salt concentration and gravimetric water content on the freezing process of clay soil is studied by using electrical resistivity as a measurement. Along with the ultrasonic pulse method, the P-wave velocity of samples is obtained to estimate the unfrozen water content of frozen soil, and the development of cracks due to frost heave at different temperatures is also analyzed. The results indicate that the freezing temperatures of...