Internet privacy

Computer-mediated communication

The Internet

World Wide Web

Paleontology

Psychology

Interpersonal communication

Affect (linguistics)

Courtship

Emoji

Context (archaeology)

Computer science

Communication

Social media

Social psychology

Biology

Interpersonal relationship

PLoS ONE

Computer-mediated communication (CMC) is pervasive in our lives, influencing social interaction including human courtship. To connect with potential partners via CMC, modern relationship-seekers must master faster and shorter methods of communicating self-disclosure and affect. Although CMC can lack crucial sensory information in this context, emojis may provide useful aid. Across two studies, we assessed attitudes toward and frequency of emoji use, and whether signaling affect via emoji use relates to more romantic and sexual opportunities. Our findings suggest that emoji use with potential partners is associated with maintaining connection beyond the first date, and more romantic and sexual interactions over the previous year. This research provides evidence that emojis convey important affective information to potential partners, and are potentially associated with more successful intimate connection. Implications for multiple theoretical models and methodologies are discussed.

Worth a thousand interpersonal words: Emoji as affective signals for relationship-oriented digital communication