TechTIDE: Warning and Mitigation Technologies for Travelling Ionospheric Disturbances Effects

Travelling Ionospheric Disturbances (TIDs) are ionospheric manifestations of internal atmospheric gravity waves (AGW) in the neutral atmosphere driven by near-Earth space dynamics and by lower atmosphere phenomena. They constitute a threat for operational systems such as precise navigation (e.g., EGNOS and NRTK) and high frequency geolocation as they can impose disturbances with amplitudes of up to ~20% of the ambient electron density, and...