Effects of superimposed hydrostatic pressure on bulging deformation and fracture of tubes in double-sided hydroforming

null null Finite element analysis and scanning electron microscope were conducted to investigate the bulging deformation and fracture of tubes in double-sided hydroforming. The effect of the external pressure imposed on the tube, which determines the magnitude of superimposed hydrostatic pressure, on the stress state, yield locus, fracture surface formation, and fracture strain was evaluated. The simulation results revealed that sufficiently...