Integrating softwood biorefinery lignin into polyhydroxybutyrate composites and application in 3D printing

The massive volumes of residual lignin that will be generated as a biorefinery industry by-product provide an opportunity for bio-composite manufacture. In this context, biorefinery lignin produced from the saccharification of Pinus radiata wood pulp without any further derivatization or coupling or chemical modifications was blended and melt extruded with polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) to form composite filaments. The filaments were cut into pellets...