Physics

Nonlinear system

Optomechanics

Mathematics

CMOS

Laser

Optical amplifier

Parametric statistics

Optics

Statistics

Quantum noise

Engineering

Amplifier

Parametric oscillator

Quantum limit

Programming language

Sensitivity (control systems)

Electronic engineering

SIGNAL (programming language)

Bose–Einstein condensate

Computer science

Quantum mechanics

Optoelectronics

Quantum

Optical parametric amplifier

Physical review. A/Physical review, A

In this paper, the scheme of a force sensor is proposed which has been composed of a hybrid optomechanical cavity containing an interacting cigar-shaped Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) where the $s$-wave scattering frequency of the BEC atoms as well as the spring coefficient of the cavity moving end-mirror (the mechanical oscillator) are parametrically modulated. It is shown that, in the red-detuned regime and under the so-called impedance-matching condition, the mechanical response of the system to the input signal is enhanced substantially which leads to the amplification of the weak input signal while the added noise of measurement (backaction noise) can be suppressed and lowered much below the standard quantum limit. Furthermore, because of its large mechanical gain, such a modulated hybrid system is a much better amplifier in comparison to the (modulated) bare optomechanical system which can generate a stronger output signal while keeping the sensitivity nearly the same as that of the (modulated) bare one. The other advantages of the presented nonlinear hybrid system accompanied with the mechanical and atomic modulations in comparison to the bare optomechanical cavities are its controllability as well as the extension of the amplification bandwidth.

Force sensing in hybrid Bose-Einstein-condensate optomechanics based on parametric amplification