Algorithm

Philosophy

Political economy

Economics

Natural resource economics

Political science

Ecology

Programming language

Negotiation

Geography

Peacemaking

Poaching

Deforestation (computer science)

Government (linguistics)

Extortion

Wildlife

Computer science

Linguistics

Development economics

State (computer science)

Insurgency

Biology

Politics

World Development

Armed conflict can endanger natural resources through several channels such as direct predation from fighting groups, but it may also help preserve ecosystems by dissuading extractive economic activities through the fear of extortion. The effect of conflict on deforestation is thus an empirical question. This paper studies the effect on forest cover of Colombia's recent peace negotiation between the government and the FARC insurgency. Using yearly deforestation data from satellite images and a difference-in-differences identification strategy, we show that areas controlled by FARC prior to the declaration of a permanent ceasefire experienced a differential increase in deforestation after the start of the ceasefire. The deforestation effect of peace is attenuated in municipalities with higher state presence and judicial capacity, and is exacerbated by land intensive economic activities. Our results highlight the importance of complementing peacemaking milestones with state building efforts to avoid environmental damage.

End-of-conflict deforestation: Evidence from Colombia’s peace agreement