Location estimation and detection in wireless sensor networks in the presence of fading

In this paper, localization using narrowband communication signals are considered in the presence of fading channels with time of arrival measurements. When narrowband signals are used for localization, due to existing hardware constraints, fading channels play a crucial role in localization accuracy. In a location estimation formulation, the Cramer–Rao lower bound for localization error is derived under different assumptions on fading...