Internal medicine

Retrospective cohort study

Virus

Integrase inhibitor

Regimen

Gastroenterology

Interquartile range

Viral load

Virology

Immunology

Reverse-transcriptase inhibitor

Antiretroviral therapy

Protease inhibitor (pharmacology)

Medicine

The integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) class of antiretroviral therapy (ART) may result in faster time to virologic suppression compared with regimens that contain protease inhibitors (PIs) or non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs). However, differences in time to achieve virologic suppression are not well-defined in routine clinical settings with contemporary antiretroviral agents. Study was a retrospective single-center study of treatment-naïve human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients initiating ART between 2013 and 2016. Among patients on different ART regimen types, we compared rates of and median time to virologic suppression [viral load (VL) &lt;50 copies/mL]. A total of 155 patients—45 (29%) female and 110 (71%) male—met study inclusion criteria. Median age was 42 years (interquartile range 31–52), and median baseline CD4 count was 288 cells/μL and VL was 60,000 copies/mL. Seventy-one (46%) initiated an INSTI-based regimen, 58 (37%) were on NNRTI-based regimens, and 26 (17%) on PI-based regimens. In total, 112 (72%) patients achieved virologic suppression at 12 months. Patients on INSTI-based regimens were more likely to achieve virologic suppression by 3, 6, and 12 months ( P &lt; .01), and had lower median time to suppression (60 vs 137 days on NNRTI-based regimens and 147 days on PI-based regimens, P &lt; .01). Patients on INSTI-based ART regimens in a real-world setting experienced higher rates of virologic suppression and shorter time from ART initiation to virologic suppression. For HIV patients on INSTI-based ART regimens, virologic failure should be suspected in those with VLs &gt;50 copies/mL before the current recommendation of 48 weeks.

Integrase inhibitor-based regimens result in more rapid virologic suppression rates among treatment-naïve human immunodeficiency virus–infected patients compared to non-nucleoside and protease inhibitor–based regimens in a real-world clinical setting