Special second order stiff delay differential equations directly solved by using variable stepsize variable order technique

Less attention was made to solve special second order stiff delay differential equations (DDEs) directly. In this paper, the development of direct predictor-corrector variable stepsize variable order (DBVSVO) method is described to solve special second order stiff DDEs directly without reducing to first order equations. The predictor and corrector formulae is derived based on backward differentiation formulae (BDF) and represented in divided...