Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1

Biochemistry

SOCS3

Cytokine receptor

Cytokine

Suppressor

Biology

Gene

Suppressor of cytokine signalling

Cell biology

STAT3

Signal transduction

stat

Transcription factor

Janus kinase

JAK-STAT signaling pathway

Immunology

Tyrosine kinase

Protein Science

More than 50 cytokines signal via the JAK/STAT pathway to orchestrate hematopoiesis, induce inflammation and control the immune response. Cytokines are secreted glycoproteins that act as intercellular messengers, inducing proliferation, differentiation, growth, or apoptosis of their target cells. They act by binding to specific receptors on the surface of target cells and switching on a phosphotyrosine‐based intracellular signaling cascade initiated by kinases then propagated and effected by SH2 domain‐containing transcription factors. As cytokine signaling is proliferative and often inflammatory, it is tightly regulated in terms of both amplitude and duration. Here we review molecular details of the cytokine‐induced signaling cascade and describe the architectures of the proteins involved, including the receptors, kinases, and transcription factors that initiate and propagate signaling and the regulatory proteins that control it.

The molecular details of cytokine signaling via the JAK/STAT pathway