Computational complexity theory

Filter (signal processing)

Artificial intelligence

Hilbert transform

Telecommunications

Pattern recognition (psychology)

Spectral density

Computer science

Algorithm

Support vector machine

Hilbert–Huang transform

Extreme learning machine

Discrete wavelet transform

Relevance vector machine

Wavelet transform

Speech recognition

Computer vision

Wavelet

Artificial neural network

IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics

In this paper, Hilbert Huang transform (HHT) and weighted bidirectional extreme learning machine (WBELM) are integrated to detect and classify power quality events (PQEs) in real time. Empirical mode decomposition is used to decompose the nonstationary PQEs into the monocomponent mode of oscillation, known as intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). The efficacious features are extracted by applying the Hilbert transform (HT) on the IMFs. An efficient WBELM computational intelligence technique is proposed to recognize the single, as well as multiple PQEs and its performances are compared with the recently developed classifiers such as support vector machine, least-square support vector machine, extreme learning machine, and bidirectional extreme learning machine. The recognition architecture of HHT integrated with WBELM (HHT-WBELM) method is tested and compared with the empirical wavelet transform associated with HT and WBELM method, and tunable-Q wavelet transform along with HT and WBELM method. The faster learning speed, lesser computational complexity, superior classification accuracy, and short event detection time prove that the proposed HHT-WBELM method can be implemented in the online power quality monitoring system. Finally, a hardware prototype is developed based on the digital signal processor to verify the cogency of the proposed method in real time. The feasibility of the proposed method is tested and validated by both the simulation and laboratory experiments.

Automatic Power Quality Events Recognition Based on Hilbert Huang Transform and Weighted Bidirectional Extreme Learning Machine