Rapid colorimetric flow injection sensing of hypochlorite by functionalized graphene quantum dots

Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with oxygen-containing functional groups along their edges have been prepared by controlled thermalization of citric acid to develop a new spectrophotometric reagent for hypochlorite determination. 2, 4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) was reacted with hypochlorite to form 2, 4-dinitrophenyl diazonium cation (DNPDC) in acidic condition through a flow injection manifold and then coupled to GQDs to produce a colored...