Tubeimoside I Protects Dopaminergic Neurons Against Inflammation-Mediated Damage in Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-Evoked Model of Parkinson’s Disease in Rats

Parkinson's disease (PD), a frequent degenerative disease in the elderly, is characterized by dopaminergic neurodegeneration in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Neuroinflammation caused by over-activated microglia plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of PD. Tubeimoside I (TBMS1) has a broad anti-inflammatory effect in peripheral tissues, but the effect on neuroinflammation has not been reported. Therefore, we explored whether TBMS1...