Electric vehicle routing problem with recharging stations for minimizing energy consumption

Due to growing environmental concerns about greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, people are more incline to use electric vehicles in various distribution services. Because of the limited battery capacity, electric vehicles are required to visit recharging stations en-route. Therefore, the routing schemes of conventional vehicles may not be suitable as the routing schemes of electric vehicles. In this paper, the Electric Vehicle Routing Problem (EVRP)...