Alkali-Driven Disassembly and Reassembly of Molecular Niobium Oxide in Water

Counterions are deemed "spectators" in aqueous solutions of cationic or anionic molecular metal-oxo clusters. While pH and concentration drive aqueous metal speciation as a first approximation, the important effect of counterions is usually overlooked and never considered in standard Pourbaix databases. Alkali counterions for polyoxometalate (POM) clusters control solubility with distinct periodic trends, but evidence for alkali control over...