Structural basin

Physics

Geology

Phanerozoic

Lithosphere

Continental arc

Physical geography

Continental crust

Craton

Paleontology

Geography

Acoustics

Earth science

Continental margin

Crust

Central asia

Subduction

Island arc

Tectonics

Period (music)

Cenozoic

Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences

The largest mountain belt in Central Asia (∼9 million km 2 ) is called the Altaids. It was assembled between ∼750 and ∼130 Ma ago around the western and southern margins of the Siberian Craton, partly on an older collisional system (the “Urbaykalides”). Geological, geophysical, and geochemical data—mostly high-resolution U-Pb ages—document the growth of only three arc systems in Central and Northwest Asia during this time period, an interval throughout which there were no major arc or continental collisions in the area. While the Altaids were being constructed as a Turkic-type orogen, continental crust grew in them by 1/3 of the global total. The Altaids thus added some 3 million km 2 to the continental crust over a period of 0.6 billion years, typical of Phanerozoic crustal growth rates.

The Tectonics of the Altaids: Crustal Growth During the Construction of the Continental Lithosphere of Central Asia Between ∼750 and ∼130 Ma Ago