Internal medicine

Pathological

Disease

Bioinformatics

Biology

Gene

Biomarker discovery

Lipocalin

Kidney

Acute kidney injury

Kidney disease

Biomarker

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin

Proteomics

Biochemistry

Medicine

Clinical Science

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a small circulating protein that is highly modulated in a wide variety of pathological situations, making it a useful biomarker of various disease states. It is one of the best markers of acute kidney injury, as it is rapidly released after tubular damage. However, a growing body of evidence highlights an important role for NGAL beyond that of a biomarker of renal dysfunction. Indeed, numerous studies have demonstrated a role for NGAL in both cardiovascular and renal diseases. In the present review, we summarize current knowledge concerning the involvement of NGAL in cardiovascular and renal diseases and discuss the various mechanisms underlying its pathological implications.

More than a simple biomarker: the role of NGAL in cardiovascular and renal diseases