Electrical engineering

Physics

Geology

Relay

Mathematics

Operating system

Fault current limiter

Engineering

Voltage

Actuator

Fault detection and isolation

Artificial intelligence

Power (physics)

Seismology

Fault (geology)

Control (management)

Direct current

Line (geometry)

Electronic engineering

Geometry

Backup

Computer science

Transient (computer programming)

Quantum mechanics

High-voltage direct current

Electric power system

Control theory (sociology)

Mechanical engineering

IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery

This paper proposes a fast dc short-circuit fault detection method for HVdc grids, which relies on the voltage across the dc fault-current-limiting reactor. In the proposed approach, primary detection uses only the single-terminal dc reactor voltage information and is shown to be able to identify the faulted line as well as the faulted pole within 1 ms. The backup detection is primarily required for high resistance faults and uses communication between the two sides of the line. Its speed is dependent on the travel time of signals between the two ends, but will operate, as shown in the paper, typically in 2 ms or less. The approach is justified using analytical calculations and exhaustively validated via electromagnetic transient simulation for pole-to-pole and pole-to-ground faults, different fault resistance, fault locations, and dc reactor values. The validation shows that the method is able to identify all genuine dc line faults, but is not prone to misoperation with ac line faults, different loading levels, and so on.

A Fast DC Fault Detection Method Using DC Reactor Voltages in HVdc Grids