Probabilistic bolt load distribution analysis of composite single-lap multi-bolt joints considering random bolt-hole clearances and tightening torques

This paper presents a stochastic bolt load distribution analysis method of composite single-lap multi-bolt joints by using an improved three-stage spring-based method and Monte Carlo simulation. In the proposed method, the random properties of tightening torque, bolt-hole clearance, lamina properties and geometric parameters were involved. The allowable manufacturing tolerance band of parameters and clearance fit were considered, and a combining...