Surgery

Pathology

Pediatrics

Alternative medicine

Trochlear nerve

Extraocular muscles

Strabismus

Cranial nerves

Palsy

Sixth nerve palsy

Abducens nerve

Diplopia

Oculomotor nerve

Cranial nerve palsy

Medicine

Korean Journal of Ophthalmology

Strabismus is a misalignment of ocular movement characterized by a horizontal, vertical, or torsional deviation of one eye.Palsies of the third, fourth, and sixth cranial nerves (CNs; CN3, CN4, and CN6), which innervate six extraocular muscles, are identified as major causes of adult-onset secondary paralytic strabismus.Diplopia and head tilting are common symptoms present in patients with strabismus.CN palsies may result from vascular ischemia, hemorrhage, trauma, intracranial neoplasm, systemic neurologic disease, or idiopathic causes.The relative frequency of the different causes may vary slightly according to the studies reviewed [1][2][3].Diabetes mellitus and hypertension are among the most frequently reported systemic causes of acquired paralytic strabismus, as they cause ischemic changes in the cerebral nerve

Clinical Course and Prognostic Factors of Acquired Third, Fourth, and Sixth Cranial Nerve Palsy in Korean Patients