Drug development

Intensive care medicine

Biotechnology

Bioinformatics

Biology

In vivo

Expert opinion

Pharmacology

Medicine

Computational biology

Drug discovery

Drug

Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery

Introduction: Reaction phenotyping provides critical information regarding the fraction metabolized (fm) of drug candidates. It has become increasingly important in drug discovery and development as it can be used to assess victim drug-drug interaction potential, guide structural modification to reduce fm, inform clinical study design, predict individual variability in pharmacokinetics, and evaluate the impact of genetic polymorphisms.Areas covered: The currently available in vitro and in vivo methods for reaction phenotyping are summarized along with their advantages, limitations and timings for application during the different stages of drug discovery and development. Challenges of reaction phenotyping for low clearance compounds, non-Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, extrahepatic contribution and atypical kinetics are highlighted and various approaches are discussed.Expert opinion: Certain areas of reaction phenotyping remain challenging with the current state of the science. In order to better define fm in t...

Reaction phenotyping to assess victim drug-drug interaction risks