Fludarabine, cytarabine, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and idarubicin for relapsed childhood acute myeloid leukemia

Background The combination of fludarabine (Flu), high‐dose cytarabine (Ara‐C) and granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐ CSF ; FLAG ), with anthracyclines has become standard chemotherapy for refractory acute myeloid leukemia ( AML ) in European children and adults. To clarify the efficacy and the safety of FLAG ‐idarubicin ( IDA ) for children prospectively, we planned a multicenter phase II study ( AML ‐R11) by the Japanese Pediatric...