Design methodology for porous composites with tunable thermal expansion produced by multi-material topology optimization and additive manufacturing

To realize negative thermal expansion (NTE), porous composites made of two materials with different coefficients of thermal expansion are being actively researched. NTE can be realized by taking advantage of the thermal deformation mechanisms of a composite material's internal geometry. However, in addition to negative thermal expansion, materials with anisotropic and large positive thermal expansion are also desirable for various applications....