Modeling and optimization of functionally graded plates under thermo-mechanical load using isogeometric analysis and adaptive hybrid evolutionary firefly algorithm

The paper presents an effective numerical approach for modeling and optimizing the ceramic volume fraction distribution of functionally graded (FG) plates in the thermo-mechanical environment. Ceramic volume fraction design variables at control points whose coordinates are located along the plate thickness by Greville abscissae are used to describe the material distribution using the B-spline basis functions. Continuously altering macroscopic...