Specifying the effects of physician's communication on patients’ outcomes: A randomised controlled trial

To experimentally test the effects of physician's affect-oriented communication and inducing expectations on outcomes in patients with menstrual pain.Using a 2×2 RCT design, four videotaped simulated medical consultations were used, depicting a physician and a patient with menstrual pain. In the videos, two elements of physician's communication were manipulated: (1) affect-oriented communication (positive: warm, emphatic; versus negative: cold,...