Effectiveness of motivational regulation: Dependence on specific motivational problems

It is argued that learners' motivational regulation is strongly situation-specific and depends on the motivational problems that trigger regulation. A 2 × 3 model is proposed in which motivational problems are distinguished between low expectancies for success vs. poor subjective task values in three different phases of the learning process (before, during, or after a learning activity). A study with 283 undergraduates who reported how...