Promising approach for the preclinical assessment of cardiac risks using left ventricular pressure-volume loop analyses in anesthetized monkeys

Load-independent cardiac parameters obtained from the ventricular pressure-volume relationship are recognized as gold standard indexes for evaluating cardiac inotropy. In this study, for better analyses of cardiac risks, load-independent pressure-volume loop parameters were assessed in addition to load-dependent inotropic, hemodynamic and electrocardiographic changes in isoflurane-anesthetized monkeys. The animals were given milrinone (a PDE 3...