Endocrinology

Pathology

Organic chemistry

Chemistry

Immunology

Inflammation

Arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis

Erythropoietin

Angiogenesis

Pathogenesis

Tissue hypoxia

Cancer research

Oxygen

Bioinformatics

Medicine

Hypoxia (environmental)

Biology

Journal of Biomedical Science

Alterations in tissue oxygen pressure contribute to a number of diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Low partial pressure of oxygen, a condition known as hypoxia, is a relevant feature in RA since it is involved in angiogenesis, inflammation, apoptosis, cartilage degradation, energy metabolism, and oxidative damage. Therefore, alterations in hypoxia-related signaling pathways are considered potential mechanisms of disease pathogenesis. The objective of this review is to highlight and update our current knowledge of the role of hypoxia in the pathogenesis of RA. We describe the experimental evidence that RA synovial tissue exists in a hypoxic state, as well as the origin and involvement of synovial hypoxia in different aspects of the pathogenic process.

Hypoxia and its implications in rheumatoid arthritis