Pharmacokinetics and conjugation metabolism of naringin and naringenin in rats after single dose and multiple dose administrations

Naringin and naringenin are major flavonoids in citrus fruits. This study investigated the pharmacokinetics of naringin and naringenin in rats. Single dose of naringenin was administered to rats via intravenous bolus and oral route, whereas naringin was given orally as single dose and multiple doses (twice daily for 9 days). The serum concentrations of naringenin were assayed by HPLC method prior to and after hydrolysis with β-glucuronidase and...